Genetic Algorithm – A type of evolutionary optimization used to tune strategy parameters. It starts with a population of random parameter sets, evaluates each “individual” by its fitness (e.g. net profit or Sharpe), and then uses selection, crossover, and mutation to evolve better solutions. In Forex robots, GAs can automate finding good combinations of rule parameters. They mimic natural selection: the best-performing parameter sets “reproduce” into the next generation. (Note: without care, GAs can overfit; constraints and validation on new data help mitigate this.)

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