A subset of AI where algorithms learn patterns from data and improve performance over time without explicit programming for each task. Machine learning encompasses models that can predict or classify data based on examples. In forex trading, ML models are trained on historical price and indicator data to predict future prices or classify market conditions. Common ML methods used include regression models, neural networks, and ensemble trees. Unlike static code-based systems, ML-based trading bots adapt by retraining on new data, making them powerful tools for finding complex patterns in forex markets.